This is real. I do biomedical research, specifically on women's health. Ever since the results of the Women's Health Initiative (a large clinical trial studying the effects of hormone replacement therapy use on cardiovascular disease, breast cancer, and other chronic diseases) were published in 2002, there has been some debate regarding the validity of observational studies. In this case, several large observational studies had shown beneficial effects of HRT use on cardiovascular disease and no negative effect on breast cancer. However, the clinical trial, which was considered the gold-standard, showed negative effects on both of those outcomes. Since then major discrepancies have been found with the design of the clinical trial, but I won't bore you with the details. IMO, this "study" does a great job arguing the validity of observational studies. Also, the OB/GYN background of the authors is not surprising since these are the practitioners most commonly involved with hormone replacement therapy counseling, prescription, etc.Quote