killler

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Gear

  • Main Canopy Size
    190
  • Main Canopy Other
    uint
  • Reserve Canopy Size
    150
  • Reserve Canopy Other
    home built white thing

Jump Profile

  • License
    D
  • Number of Jumps
    1600
  • Years in Sport
    42
  • First Choice Discipline
    CReW
  • Second Choice Discipline
    Formation Skydiving

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    Yes
  • Rigging Back
    Master Rigger
  • Rigging Chest
    Master Rigger

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  1. It's a big number.. But I grew up in NYC in the 70's and 80's for my teens and 20's.. Never had a girlfriend longer than a week.. But had a girl almost every weekend.. Today, I've been married to the same girl for 40+ years..
  2. Where are the Boobies for us late for the load ? I was packing a student rig.....
  3. Not all CReW jumpers are big... And I like my shirt to fit ... Not baggie... TS #57...
  4. Looking for a large Toadsucker T-shirt ? Any help ? Or can we start a order sheet so someone can get a bunch made.. Killer... TS # 57
  5. NO..... This is how to fix it.... http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSQmL3Xje5OzOcMcIe_UuTPt9dJdWxA0w-2KcqZ4uyhgrsXfWMsxg Killler
  6. This could never happen in America... We have laws and cops and judges that always do the right thing... http://news.yahoo.com/blogs/lookout/neglected-prisoner-gets-15-5-million-serving-22-181425242.html Killler...
  7. In my little town the town manager told us we need to increase taxes by 5 mils to cover the bills or every thing was gonna close and the roads would not be fixed... At the town meeting we cut 180,000 dollars and didn't lay off one person or close anything... The roads got plowed... The street lights stayed on... The police were there if called... There were about 50 people at that meeting... We made the front page of the state paper.... I think the head line was... Town people cut and cut .. Balanced budget Jim...
  8. We would not go quietly into the night ... People tend to think that it would be a " WAR " between the government and the people.... And the government / LEO would all go along with it... Time and time again this has not been the case.... You have a break down of people that would fight on both sides... I think a much more likely case would be like what happened in the LA riots and after Katrina... The blackout in NY... And the list goes on and on... The right to protect life and property are needed when the break down of law and order happen... And crooked LEO's are in that mix..You need fire power to do that... A double barrel shotgun is not the weapon to do it.... So would Americans go to war with America ? Yes But only under the most extreme conditions ... Killler....
  9. I have "ONE" credit card with a $1200 dollar limit to use on mail orders and over the internet... The bank is right here in town so it easy to use the card and go pay the card off.... If I need to use it again before the bill comes...They can't really get that much.. Killler....
  10. We really don't do a thing.... It's all a money game... I remember the smog of the 60's and 70's in nyc.. and all most every other city in the USA... We cleaned that all up and they still claim we're destroying the earth.... Right.... In the 4+ billon years that earth has been around, It's been frozen, Hot house and everything in between ... [url]http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/hazards/gas/index.php[url/] Volcanic Gases and Their Effects Magma contains dissolved gases that are released into the atmosphere during eruptions. Gases are also released from magma that either remains below ground (for example, as an intrusion) or is rising toward the surface. In such cases, gases may escape continuously into the atmosphere from the soil, volcanic vents, fumaroles, and hydrothermal systems. At high pressures deep beneath the earth's surface, volcanic gases are dissolved in molten rock. But as magma rises toward the surface where the pressure is lower, gases held in the melt begin to form tiny bubbles. The increasing volume taken up by gas bubbles makes the magma less dense than the surrounding rock, which may allow the magma to continue its upward journey. Closer to the surface, the bubbles increase in number and size so that the gas volume may exceed the melt volume in the magma, creating a magma foam. The rapidly expanding gas bubbles of the foam can lead to explosive eruptions in which the melt is fragmented into pieces of volcanic rock, known as tephra. If the molten rock is not fragmented by explosive activity, a lava flow will be generated. Together with the tephra and entrained air, volcanic gases can rise tens of kilometers into Earth's atmosphere during large explosive eruptions. Once airborne, the prevailing winds may blow the eruption cloud hundreds to thousands of kilometers from a volcano. The gases spread from an erupting vent primarily as acid aerosols (tiny acid droplets), compounds attached to tephra particles, and microscopic salt particles. Volcanic gases undergo a tremendous increase in volume when magma rises to the Earth's surface and erupts. For example, consider what happens if one cubic meter of 900°C rhyolite magma containing five percent by weight of dissolved water were suddenly brought from depth to the surface. The one cubic meter of magma now would occupy a volume of 670 m3 as a mixture of water vapor and magma at atmospheric pressure (Sparks et. al., 1997)! The one meter cube at depth would increase to 8.75 m on each side at the surface. Such enormous expansion of volcanic gases, primarily water, is the main driving force of explosive eruptions. The most abundant gas typically released into the atmosphere from volcanic systems is water vapor (H2O), followed by carbon dioxide (CO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). Volcanoes also release smaller amounts of others gases, including hydrogen sulfide (H2S), hydrogen (H2), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen chloride (HCL), hydrogen fluoride (HF), and helium (He). Examples of volcanic gas compositions, in volume percent concentrations (from Symonds et. al., 1994) Volcano Tectonic Style Temperature Kilauea Summit Hot Spot 1170°C Erta` Ale Divergent Plate 1130°C Momotombo Convergent Plate 820°C H20 37.1 77.2 97.1 C02 48.9 11.3 1.44 S02 11.8 8.34 0.50 H2 0.49 1.39 0.70 CO 1.51 0.44 0.01 H2S 0.04 0.68 0.23 HCl 0.08 0.42 2.89 HF --- --- 0.26 The volcanic gases that pose the greatest potential hazard to people, animals, agriculture, and property are sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen fluoride. Locally, sulfur dioxide gas can lead to acid rain and air pollution downwind from a volcano. Globally, large explosive eruptions that inject a tremendous volume of sulfur aerosols into the stratosphere can lead to lower surface temperatures and promote depletion of the Earth's ozone layer. Because carbon dioxide gas is heavier than air, the gas may flow into in low-lying areas and collect in the soil. The concentration of carbon dioxide gas in these areas can be lethal to people, animals, and vegetation. A few historic eruptions have released sufficient fluorine-compounds to deform or kill animals that grazed on vegetation coated with volcanic ash; fluorine compounds tend to become concentrated on fine-grained ash particles, which can be ingested by animals. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) The effects of SO2 on people and the environment vary widely depending on (1) the amount of gas a volcano emits into the atmosphere; (2) whether the gas is injected into the troposphere or stratosphere; and (3) the regional or global wind and weather pattern that disperses the gas. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a colorless gas with a pungent odor that irritates skin and the tissues and mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, and throat. Sulfur dioxide chiefly affects upper respiratory tract and bronchi. The World Health Organization recommends a concentration of no greater than 0.5 ppm over 24 hours for maximum exposure. A concentration of 6-12 ppm can cause immediate irritation of the nose and throat; 20 ppm can cause eye irritation; 10,000 ppm will irritate moist skin within minutes. Emission rates of SO2 from an active volcano range from 10 million tonnes/day according to the style of volcanic activity and type and volume of magma involved. For example, the large explosive eruption of Mount Pinatubo on 15 June 1991 expelled 3-5 km3 of dacite magma and injected about 20 million metric tons of SO2 into the stratosphere. The sulfur aerosols resulted in a 0.5-0.6°C cooling of the Earth's surface in the Northern Hemisphere. The sulfate aerosols also accelerated chemical reactions that, together with the increased stratospheric chlorine levels from human-made chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) pollution, destroyed ozone and led to some of the lowest ozone levels ever observed in the atmosphere. At Kilauea Volcano, the recent effusive eruption of about 0.0005 km3/day (500,000 m3) of basalt magma releases about 2,000 tonnes of SO2 into the lower troposphere. Downwind from the vent, acid rain and air pollution is a persistent health problem when the volcano is erupting. SO2 causes air pollution Volcanic smog Eruptions of Kilauea Volcano release large quantities of sulfur dioxide gas into the atmosphere that can lead to volcanic air pollution on the Island of Hawai`i. Sulfur dioxide gas reacts chemically with sunlight, oxygen, dust particles, and water to form volcanic smog known as vog. SO2 effects Earth's surface temperature Global cooling and ozone depletion Measurements from recent eruptions such as Mount St. Helens, Washington (1980), El Chichon, Mexico (1982), and Mount Pinatubo, Philippines (1991), clearly show the importance of sulfur aerosols in modifying climate, warming the stratosphere, and cooling the troposphere. Research has also shown that the liquid drops of sulfuric acid promote the destruction of the Earth's ozone layer. Please see the web article, "Volcanic Gases and Climate Change Overview" for additional information. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a colorless, flammable gas with a strong offensive odor. It is sometimes referred to as sewer gas. At low concentrations it can irritate the eyes and acts as a depressant; at high concentrations it can cause irritation of the upper respiratory tract and, during long exposure, pulmonary edema. A 30-minute exposure to 500 ppm results in headache, dizziness, excitement, staggering gait, and diarrhea, followed sometimes by bronchitis or bronchopneumonia. Carbon dioxide (CO2) Volcanoes release more than 130 million tonnes of CO2 into the atmosphere every year. This colorless, odorless gas usually does not pose a direct hazard to life because it typically becomes diluted to low concentrations very quickly whether it is released continuously from the ground or during episodic eruptions. But in certain circumstances, CO2 may become concentrated at levels lethal to people and animals. Carbon dioxide gas is heavier than air and the gas can flow into in low-lying areas; breathing air with more than 30% CO2 can quickly induce unconsciousness and cause death. In volcanic or other areas where CO2 emissions occur, it is important to avoid small depressions and low areas that might be CO2 traps. The boundary between air and lethal gas can be extremely sharp; even a single step upslope may be adequate to escape death. CO2 trapped in depressions can be lethal to people and animals When a burning piece of cloth is lowered into a hole that has a high concentration of CO2, the fire goes out. Such a condition can be lethal to people and animals. Air with 5% CO2 causes perceptible increased respiration; 6-10% results in shortness of breath, headaches, dizziness, sweating, and general restlessness; 10-15% causes impaired coordination and abrupt muscle contractions; 20-30% causes loss of consciousness and convulsions; over 30% can cause death (Hathaway et. al., 1991). Please see the web article, "Volcanic Gases and Climate Change Overview" for more information on Volcanic versus anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Historical examples of the effects of carbon dioxide gas Mammoth Mountain in Long Valley Caldera, California kills trees near Mammoth Mountain, California Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) Chlorine gas is emitted from volcanoes in the form of hydrochloric acid (HCl). Exposure to the gas irritates mucous membranes of the eyes and respiratory tract. Concentrations over 35 ppm cause irritation of the throat after short exposure; >100 ppm results in pulmonary edema, and often laryngeal spasm. It also causes acid rain downwind from volcanoes because HCl is extremely soluble in condensing water droplets and it is a very "strong acid" (it dissociates extensively to give H+ ions in the droplets). Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) Fluorine is a pale yellow gas that attaches to fine ash particles, coats grass, and pollutes streams and lakes. Exposure to this powerful caustic irritant can cause conjunctivitis, skin irritation, bone degeneration and mottling of teeth. Excess fluorine results in a significant cause of death and injury in livestock during ash eruptions. Even in areas that receive just a millimeter of ash, poisoning can occur where the fluorine content of dried grass exceeds 250 ppm. Animals that eat grass coated with fluorine-tainted ash are poisoned. Small amounts of fluorine can be beneficial, but excess fluorine causes fluorosis, an affliction that eventually kills animals by destroying their bones. It also promotes acid rain effects downwind of volcanoes, like HCl. Secondary Gas Emissions Another type of gas release occurs when lava flows reach the ocean. Extreme heat from molten lava boils and vaporizes seawater, leading to a series of chemical reactions. The boiling and reactions produce a large white plume, locally known as lava haze or laze, containing a mixture of hydrochloric acid and concentrated seawater. Laze plumes are very acidic Extreme heat from lava entering the sea rapidly boils and vaporizes seawater, leading to a series of chemical reactions. The boiling and reactions produce a large white plume, locally known as lava haze or laze, which contains a mixture of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and concentrated seawater. This is a short-lived local phenomenon that only affects people or vegetation directly under the plume. The hydrochloric acid (HCl) comes from the breakdown of seawater-derived chlorides during sudden boiling. Because the lava is largely degassed by the time it reaches the sea, any HCL coming from it is insignificant by comparison. Analyzed samples of the plume show that is is a brine with a salinity of about 2.3 times that of seawater and a pH of 1.5-2.0. Key seawater chloride breakdown reactions that produce HCl gas MgCl2 (sea salt) + H2O (steam) = MgO (periclase) + 2HCl (HCl gas) 2 NaCl (sea salt) + H2O (steam) = Na2O (sodium oxide) + 2 HCL (HCl gas) CaCl2 (sea salt) + H2O (steam) = CaO (lime) + 2 HCL (HCl gas) Avoid standing beneath a laze plume. Dense laze plumes, such as that shown here (Photograph by C.C. Heliker, February 10, 1994) contain as much as 10-15 parts per million of hydrochloric acid. These values drop off sharply as the plume moves away from the lava entry areas. During along-shore or on-shore winds, this plume produces acid rain that may fall on people and land along the coast. This rain (pH 1.5 to 2), often more acidic that lime juice or stomach acid, is very corrosive to the skin and clothing. Visitors to the lava entry areas should avoid standing directly in, under, or downwind of the laze plume. Blong, R.J., 1984, Volcanic hazards--A sourcebook on the effects of eruptions: Academic Press, Australia, 424 p. Gerlach, T.M., Krumhansl, J.L., Fournier, R.O., Kjargaard, J., 1989, Acid rain from the heating and evaporation of seawater by molten lava: a new volcanic hazard [abs.]: Transactions of the American Geophysical Union (EOS), v. 70, p. 1421-1422. Hathaway, G.L., Proctor, N.H., Hughes, J.P., and Fischman, M.L., 1991, Proctor and Hughes' chemical hazards of the workplace: Van Nostraud Reinhold, New York, 3rd ed. Self, S., Zhao, Jing-Xia, Holasek, R.E., Torres, R.C., and King, A.J., 1996, The atmospheric impact of the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption, in Newhall, C.G., Punongbayan, R.S. (eds.), 1996, Fire and mud: Eruptions and lahars of Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines, Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Quezon City and University of Washington Press, Seattle, 1126 p. Sparks, R.S.J., Bursik, M.I., Carey, S.N., Gilbert, J.S., Glaze, L.S., Sigurdsson, H., and Woods, A.W., 1997, Volcanic Plumes: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., England, 574 p. Sutton, A.J., and Elias, T., 1993, Volcanic gases create air pollution on the Island of Hawai`i: U.S. Geological Survey Earthquakes and Volcanoes, v. 24, no. 4, pp. 178-196. Symonds, R.B., Rose, w.I., Bluth, G., and Gerlach, T.M., 1994, Volcanic gas studies: methods, results, and applications, in Carroll, M.R., and Holloway, J.R., eds., Volatiles in Magmas: Mineralogical Society of America Reviews in Mineralogy, v. 30, p. 1-66. Volcano Hazards Volcanic Gases Volcanic Gas and Climate Change Air Pollution SO2 Aerosols Lahars Pyroclastic Flows Volcanic Landslides Lava Flows Tephra Volcanic Ash Site Volcano Assessments Hazards Preparedness Killler...
  11. . Yeah, it was driving me crazy. No audio, no captions. Fuck the shit. I thought you were deaf Billy... Killler
  12. Just love the air to ground video.... I really like it when they show the two officers on the side of the building... The news is run by a bunch of nitwits Killler...
  13. If I remember right, It takes a few days to get the atomic particles that are released... Then they can tell the type U-235 or a P-239... Killler...
  14. +1 Glad you made it... Not many do... 13yrs for me.... best thing I ever did...